Understanding the Linux filesystem hierarchy and core components
Essential user command binaries
$ ls /bin
System-wide configuration files
$ cd /etc
User home directories
$ cd ~
User programs and libraries
$ ls /usr/bin
Variable data files
$ ls /var/log
Virtual filesystem for process info
$ cat /proc/cpuinfo
Kernel and device information
$ ls /sys/class
Device files
$ ls /dev/sd*
Temporary files
$ mktemp -p /tmp
Temporary mount points
$ mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt
System activity records
$ journalctl -xe
Scheduled tasks
$ crontab -e
Systemd management
$ systemctl list-units
Hardware drivers
$ lsmod
Software management
$ dpkg -l | grep package
Filesystem mounts
$ sudo nano /etc/fstab
User accounts
$ getent passwd
SSH server config
$ sudo systemctl restart sshd
Hostname resolution
$ cat /etc/hosts
DNS configuration
$ resolvectl status
Processor information
$ lscpu
RAM details
$ free -h
Connected hardware
$ lspci
Connected peripherals
$ lsusb
Storage devices
$ lsblk
💡 Pro Tip: Use man hier
to view the full filesystem hierarchy documentation!